Planning a workation in Bruges? Or a business trip to Brussels or Antwerp? Learn the essential information you and your employees need to work safely and compliantly while traveling in Belgium, including working conditions, safety and health regulations, tax treaties, social security, and more.
Capital city
Brussels
Telephone code
+32
Official language
Dutch, French, German
Currency
Euro
Time zone
CET (UTC+1)
Social security compliance
When working remotely abroad, your employees may become subject to the social security scheme of the destination country, which means you, as an employer, would need to pay social security premiums accordingly.
As part of the European Union, Belgium follows regulations that coordinate social security among EU/EEA member states and Switzerland. One key regulation is Regulation (EC) No 883/2004, which ensures that social security systems operate smoothly across borders.
Additionally, Belgium has entered into numerous social security treaties with other countries to avoid dual contributions, available here.
To ensure your employees remain compliant with these treaties, they must possess a valid A1 certificate (if traveling from another EU country to Belgium) or a Certificate of Coverage (CoC) (if traveling from a country outside the EU). For WorkFlex users, the certificate is issued automatically after a trip request is submitted. Discover our solution for efficient social security risk mitigation here.
Tax compliance
As a member of the OECD, many of the Belgian tax treaties are based on the OECD Model Tax Convention. This framework provides guidelines for structuring tax treaties and covers various types of income, including dividends, interest, royalties, and employment income. In addition to these guidelines, Belgium has signed tax treaties with numerous countries, available here.
Despite the existence of many tax treaties and the adoption of the OECD Model Tax Convention, the issue of Permanent Establishment remains a significant compliance concern for employers with employees temporarily working in Belgium, whether for a workation or a business trip. If a traveling employee is deemed to constitute a Permanent Establishment in the destination country, the employer may be required to register the company locally, allocate profits to the local business (branch), and file corporate taxes, leading to substantial administrative burdens.
To avoid this scenario, here are some key strategies:
If your employees are traveling for a workation, they should refrain from negotiating or signing sales contracts during the trip. Additionally, they should avoid visiting clients or any office, including the employer's local office in the destination country. Following these guidelines will help mitigate the important compliance risk for the employer related to permanent establishment.
If your employees travel for business, it may be impossible to refrain from the activities above. In this case, please make sure to inform your (tax) compliance department of this matter. If you and your organization are a WorkFlex user, this topic is covered through the WorkFlex platform.
PWD notification obligations
Under European law, employers are generally required to register their employees’ postings with local labour authorities in the destination country, i.e. to submit a PWD notification. This notification serves several important purposes, including balancing worker mobility with the protection of their rights. PWD notification obligations apply in Belgium.
As a consequence, to stay compliant with the PWD obligations, employees traveling to Belgium either for a workation or a business trip must comply with several local working conditions, notably must receive at least the same pay as local employees in similar roles. Learn more about the posted worker notifications in Belgium here.
Visa
To work legally while in another country, employees generally need a valid work title. It's important to keep in mind that the consequences of entering without the proper documentation can be significant for both the employee and the employer.
For those planning work-from-anywhere trips to Belgium, here’s a quick overview:
- Short-term stay: If you’re a citizen or residence permit holder from a Schengen Zone country, you can enjoy a stay in Belgium for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without needing a visa. If you're coming from a non-Schengen country, you’ll likely need a Schengen Visa (Type C) for short stays of up to 90 days.
- Long-term stay: Planning to stay longer than 90 days? In that case, you’ll probably need to apply for a residence permit or a long-stay visa.
For those planning business trips to Belgium, here’s what you need to know:
- Short-term trip: If you’re a citizen or a residence permit holder of a Schengen country, you can enter Belgium for short business trips without needing a visa, and you can stay for up to 90 days within a 180-day period. For travelers from non-Schengen countries, you’ll likely need a Schengen Business Visa. This visa allows you to move freely throughout the Schengen Area for your business activities.
- Long-stay visa: If your business plans involve staying longer than 90 days, you’ll need to apply for a specific long-stay visa. The requirements can vary based on the nature of your business activities, so it's a good idea to check the specifics in advance.
Need trip-specific visa information? Check out WorkFlex Visa Navigator.
Working hours
Most employees in Belgium work from Monday to Friday, with a standard workweek consisting of 40 hours. The workday is usually from 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM, with a lunch break of about 30 min to 1 hour.
To remain compliant during your trip abroad, here are some suggestions to follow:
- Avoid working overtime: Regulations regarding overtime can differ significantly and may be much stricter compared to those in your home country.
- Refrain from working outside regular hours: The rules surrounding working outside regular hours may vary and could be stricter than in your home country.
- Do not work on weekends: If the weekend days differ from those in your home country, please avoid working on both your regular weekend days and the local weekend days.
Public holidays
- January 1: New Year's Day
- Easter Monday: Date varies
- May 1: Labor Day
- Ascension Day: Date varies
- Whit Monday: Date varies
- July 21: Belgian National Day
- August 15: Assumption of Mary
- November 1: All Saints' Day
- November 11: Armistice Day
- December 25: Christmas Day
- December 26: Boxing Day (observed in some regions)
Depending on the region you're visiting, there may be additional region-specific public holidays. For more information about these holidays, please check here.
To comply with labor laws, please refrain from working on national or regional holidays during your trip. These days hold significant importance for locals and provide a great opportunity for you to blend in and celebrate with the community.
Working activities
When considering travel for work purposes—whether for a workation or a business trip—it is crucial to understand the implications of Permanent Establishment (PE) and associated tax risks. PE is a significant compliance concern for companies and can become costly due to the administrative burden if the compliance requirements for employees working abroad are not properly managed. To help mitigate these risks, here are a few guidelines to follow.
If you are traveling for a workation, please:
- Refrain from negotiating or signing sales contracts during your trip.
- Avoid visiting clients or any office, including your employer's local office in the destination country.
Following these guidelines will help mitigate the important compliance risks related to Permanent Establishment for your employer.
If you are a business traveler, it may be difficult to avoid the activities mentioned above. In this case, please ensure you inform your employer's compliance department about this matter. If you and your organization are WorkFlex users, this topic is addressed through the WorkFlex platform.
Data protection
Data protection is fundamentally about keeping our information safe from unauthorized access, breaches, theft, or damage. This responsibility is important for everyone, regardless of where they are working.
When employees work temporarily from abroad, data protection involves ensuring continued coverage and compliance with the data protection regulations of both, the home country and the destination country. In addition to adhering to your home country's regulations, it’s important to note that since Belgium is a member of the EU, the GDPR will be applicable during your trip.
For WorkFlex users, a comprehensive list of data protection activities is available in the profile, but here are some general data protection guidelines to keep your data safe:
- Adhere to your company's internal data policies: Familiarize yourself with and follow your organization’s specific data protection protocols.
- Use secure network connections: Always connect through secure networks, especially when accessing sensitive information.
- Be aware of phishing: Stay vigilant against phishing attempts by verifying the authenticity of emails and messages before clicking on any links.
- Utilize strong passwords and multi-factor authentication: Create complex passwords and enable multi-factor authentication for an added layer of security.
- Keep your devices in a secure location: Always store your devices in safe places to prevent unauthorized access.
- Lock your screen whenever applicable: Ensure your screen is locked when you're away from your device to protect your information.
Travel health insurance
When traveling to Belgium for work—whether for a short business trip or an extended workation—it’s essential to have adequate health insurance coverage to ensure access to medical care.
For business trips, the employer typically arranges the employee's travel health insurance. However, for workations, responsibility can sometimes be less clear. Regardless of whether insurance is provided by the employer or purchased by the employee, international coverage is crucial for a safe and secure trip. WorkFlex takes care of travel health insurance for trips worldwide to ensure there are no costly consequences for either the employee or the employer if accidents occur while working abroad.
For travelers using WorkFlex
If you’re traveling with WorkFlex, comprehensive health insurance is automatically included if your employer has activated this feature. For more details, please refer to your trip request on the WorkFlex platform.
For other travelers
- EU/EEA/Swiss citizens: The European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) grants access to public healthcare services within the Belgium’s national health system, covering essential services like doctor visits, hospital treatments, and prescription medications (urgent or necessary medical care to the same extent as for local residents). The EHIC is valid only at public healthcare facilities, so check your private health insurance policy to confirm whether additional coverage is provided for private healthcare services.
- Citizens of other countries: Ensure you have travel health insurance with worldwide coverage, whether for a workation or business trip, so that you can receive adequate medical treatment in case of an emergency.
Urgent safety information
For travelers using WorkFlex:
Please refer to your trip's risk assessment under the "Health and Security" dimension to review any urgent security information relevant to your travel.
For other travelers:
Please visit official authority websites to check for any current threats or urgent security advisories:
Terrorism
Belgium has experienced several terrorist attacks in the past, with the most recent occurring in the center of Brussels on October 16, 2023, where an attacker shot two individuals.
The Belgian government assesses the level of terrorist threat on a scale from one to four, and it is currently set at level three ("la menace est grave" - the threat is serious). As a result, there will be an increased police presence at airports, train stations, and government buildings.
To help ensure your safety, please keep the following in mind:
- Always carry a national identification document with you.
- Allow ample time for security checks when traveling.
- Move around the city with increased attention and vigilance.
- Follow the instructions of Belgian security forces.
- Stay informed by being aware of the global security advisory.
Crime
As a major city, Brussels is experiencing an increase in pickpocketing, robbery, and petty crime. Areas particularly affected include the vicinity of the Midi/South and North train stations, the nearby neighborhood of Molenbeek, and along the Scheldt/Willebroek Canal. Additionally, busy squares, metro stations, tourist attractions, and the European Quarter are also common hotspots for such incidents.
To help ensure your safety, please consider the following tips:
- Stay informed by following media reports and remain vigilant.
- Keep your money, identification documents, driver’s license, and other important documents secure. If possible, store electronic copies or photos to facilitate replacements in the event of theft or loss.
- Prefer cashless payments and carry only the cash you need for the day; avoid bringing unnecessary valuables.
- Be especially attentive in larger crowds, such as at airports, train stations, on the subway, and on buses. Always keep an eye on your belongings.
- Do not leave visible valuables in your vehicle when parked at rest areas or parking lots, and always lock the vehicle when leaving. Additionally, keep the doors locked while driving.
- Be skeptical of unusual emails, phone calls, prize notifications, offers, and requests for help from supposed acquaintances. Avoid sharing personal information; instead, verify credibility in person or contact the police if needed.
Belgium has a temperate maritime climate characterized by mild summers and cool winters.
- Summer (June to August): Average temperatures range from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F). Rainfall is common but usually occurs in short bursts.
- Winter (December to February): Average temperatures range from 0°C to 6°C (32°F to 43°F). Snowfall can occur, but it is generally not heavy.
- Spring and Autumn: Transition seasons with variable weather, often experiencing rain.
Airports
Brussels Airport (BRU)
- Location: Brussels
- When to use: The main international airport serving Brussels and the surrounding regions, offering a wide range of international and domestic flights.
Brussels South Charleroi Airport (CRL)
- Location: Charleroi, south of Brussels
- When to use: Primarily used for low-cost carriers; ideal for budget travelers.
Antwerp International Airport (ANR)
- Location: Antwerp
- When to use: Best for reaching Antwerp and surrounding areas; serves mainly regional flights.
Ghent Airport (GNE)
- Location: Near Ghent
- When to use: A smaller airport used mainly for private flights and some low-cost airlines.
Train stations
Brussels Central Station
The main railway station in the heart of Brussels, connecting to various national and international destinations.
International connections: France, Netherlands, Germany, UK (Eurostar).
Brussels Midi/Zuid Station
Major international station for Eurostar and Thalys trains.
International connections: France, Netherlands, Germany.
Antwerp Central Station
Renowned for its architectural beauty, this station connects to many domestic and international routes.
International connections: Netherlands, France.
Ride-hailing services
- Uber
- Bolt
Public transportation
Trains
The Belgian railway network (SNCB/NMBS) is efficient, connecting major cities and regions across the country. High-speed trains (Thalys, Eurostar) link Belgium with neighboring countries.
Trams and buses
Operated by different regional services (STIB/MIVB in Brussels, De Lijn in Flanders, TEC in Wallonia), providing comprehensive coverage.
Metro
Brussels has a metro system that is convenient for navigating the city center.